The impact of population growth rate on the economic growth rate of some african countries (1985-2022)

Abstract

Africa stands at a critical juncture characterized by a complex economic landscape influenced by population growth, income per capita, investment rates, and life expectancy. This study delves into the relationship between these demographic and socioeconomic variables and economic growth across selected African countries: Uganda, Algeria, Egypt, Kenya, South Africa, Morocco, and Ghana. These countries exemplify the continent's diverse development experiences, each facing unique challenges and opportunities. By employing rigorous quantitative analysis and econometric modeling (Panel analysis), this research uncovers patterns and causal relationships between demographic dynamics and economic outcomes. The study uses data sourced from World Development Indicators and African Development Bank databases to provide evidence-based insights. After tests for multicollinearity, autocorrelation, and heteroscedasticity on the random model, the Newey-West standard errors robust results using r-software showed a negative relationship between population growth and economic growth whereas the rest of the variables had positive impact on the economic growth of these countries. The results suggest targeted strategies for enhancing economic growth by addressing demographic trends, fostering human capital development, and improving governance and infrastructure in Africa. Ultimately, this research contributes to the broader understanding of the complex interplay between demographic factors and economic growth in Africa.