Abstract:
Leqdic-a ikcem deg unnar n tesnalmudt, azwel-is «azal n tenfaliyin tukrifin deg uselmed n umawal ». Tazrawt-a tla iswi d askan n txutert n tenfaliyin-a deg ulmad n umawal n tutlayt tayemmat n unelmad, d wamek i zemrent ad snernint tizemmar-is am tid n tesnefyirt, n timawit ladɣa n umawal. Ihi, ixef amezwaru n leqdic-a, d ixef n tezri d tesnarrayt yebḍa ɣef kraḍ n yiḥricen : Aḥric amezwaru, ad yili ɣef “umawal d uselmed". Ad nẓer d acu i d amawal, amgired gar-as d tensiwalt d wassaɣ d wazal yesâa d uselmed n tutlayin. Ad d-nawi daɣen awal ɣef tsensekka n yiluɣma i d-yettilin deg uselmed n umawal . £er taggara ad d-nemmeslay ɣef kra n tzemmar tigejdanin deg ulmad n tutlayt. Ma deg uḥric wis sin win n « tesnalmudt n tesnefyirt » deg-s ad d-nemmeslay ɣef “tesnefyirt” s umata, syin akkin ad d-nesbadu d acu i d tanfalit tukrift d wamek i d-teddes. £er taggara ad d-nawi awal ɣef « Tesnalmudt n tesnefyirt» , ad d-nesbadu taɣult-a akken daɣen ad yili ussissen n tizza n ulummeé d ulmad n tenfaliyin tukrifin
