Between the grammatical and semantic subjects: some aspects of coincidence and non-conformity

Abstract

In this work, it aims to study the characteristics of the grammatical subject and its relationship to the semantic actor. In some cases, it refers to a real actor who has a referential dimension in reality. It is formed in various semantic roles. So he is an agent, a beneficiary, an experiencer, or an influencer on others. There is a match between the grammatical and semantic actors. The real subject may disappear from some structures, so the linguistic subject is referred to a bearer of the event. As a result, there is a lack of compatibility between them. The reason for the process of reproduction between them, whether or not, is due to the nature of the verb head that controls the whole structure and meaning. Some of the actions require a real outlet for the event, and some of them do not, so communicate it completely, and replace it with a bearer of the events that occur or the conditions and attributes that arise. However, these roles, in their diversity, remain carriers of one syntactic function, which is the grammatical actor. This relationship between the linguistic and semantic actors is part of a more comprehensive relationship between a superficial systemic structure and structured conceptual structure in the mental space.