Power And Apology In Palestinian Efl Contexts.
Keywords:
power, apology, Palestinian EFL contextsAbstract
This study demonstrates the mutual relation between power and apology in Palestinian EFL contexts. It also shows the reciprocal effect between power and apology. The researcher used the descriptive analytical methodology which is appropriate for this study. The sample of study includes thirty Palestinian English language students. To achieve the objective of this study, the researcher utilizes a basic tool which is an open-ended questionnaire including twenty situations based on apology. The results of the study reveal that there is a relationship between using power and apology. Moreover, the findings show that using of apology for females is more for males.
References
Aijmer, K. & Andersen, G. (2012a). Introducing the pragmatics of society in G. Andersen, & K. Aijmer (Eds), Pragmatics of Society (pp. 1-27). Walter de Gruyter.
Aijmer, K. & Andersen, G. (2012b). Pragmatics for language educators: a sociolinguistic Perspective. Routledge.
Beebe, L. & Cummings, M. (1996). Natural Speech Act Data versus Written Questionnaire Data: How Data Collection Method Affects Speech Act Performance. In S. Gass & J. Neu. (Eds), Speech Acts across Cultures: Challenges to Communication in a Second Language (pp.65–86). Mouton de Gruyter.
Blum-Kulka S. & House, J. (1989a). Cross-cultural and Situational Variation in Requesting Behavior. In S. Blum-Kulka, J. House, & G. Kasper (Eds.), Crosscultural pragmatics: Requests and apologies (pp. 123-54). Ablex.
Blum-Kulka S. & House, J. (1989b). Playing it safe: The role of conventionality in indirectness. In S. Blum-Kulka, J. House, & G. Kasper (Eds.), Cross-cultural pragmatics: Requests and apologies (pp. 37-70). Ablex.
Blum-Kulka S., & House, J. (1989c). Apologies across languages. In S. Blum-Kulka, J. House, & G. Kasper (Eds.), Cross-cultural pragmatics: Requests and apologies (pp. 155-73). Ablex.
----------(1989d). Investigating Cross-Cultural Pragmatics: An Introductory Overview. In S. Blum-Kulka, J. House, & G. Kasper (Eds.), Cross-cultural pragmatics: Requests and apologies (pp. 1-34). New Jersey: Ablex.
----------(1989e). Appendix: The CCSARP coding manual. In S. Blum-Kulka, J. House, and G. Kasper (Eds.), Cross-cultural pragmatics: Requests and apologies (pp. 273-94). Ablex.
Blum-Kulka, S. & Olshtain, E. (1984a). Requests and Apologies: A Cross-Cultural Study of Speech Act Realization Patterns (CCSARP). Applied Linguistics, 5(1), 196213.
Blum-Kulka, S., House, J., & Kasper, G. (1989a). Cross-Cultural Pragmatics: Requests and Apologies. Ablex.
Cohen, A. (1996). Investigating the production of speech act sets. In S. M. Gass and J. Neu (Eds), Speech Acts across Cultures: Challenges to Communication in a Second Language. (pp 65-86). Mouton de Gruyter.
Ellis, R. (1994). The study of second language acquisition. Oxford University Press.
Howell, B. & Paris, J. (2011). Introducing anthropology - A Christian perspective. Baker Academic Publishing.
Kasper, G. (2001). Classroom research on interlanguage pragmatics. In K. Rose & G.
Kasper (Eds), Pragmatics in language teaching, (pp. 33–60). Cambridge University Press.
Lakoff, R. (1975). Language and women’s place. Harper.
LoCastro , V. (2010). Misunderstandings: Pragmatic glitches and misfires . In D. H. Tatsuki and N. R. Houck (Eds.), Pragmatics from research to practice: Teaching speech acts (pp. 7 – 16). Washington, D.C.: Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages.
Ogiermann, E. (2009). On apologising in negative and positive politeness cultures. Benjamins Publishing Co.
Trosborg, A. (1995). (rev. ed) Relevance: Communication and cognition. Blackwell.
-----------(1995). Interlanguage pragmatics: Requests, complaints, and apologies. Mouton de Gruyter.
